{"id":143,"date":"2017-06-15T01:59:12","date_gmt":"2017-06-14T22:59:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nesimiaday.com\/?p=143"},"modified":"2017-06-15T01:59:59","modified_gmt":"2017-06-14T22:59:59","slug":"isim-sehir-devlet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/2017\/06\/15\/isim-sehir-devlet\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130S\u0130M, \u015eEH\u0130R, DEVLET"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00c7ocukken \u2018\u2018isim-\u015fehir\u2019\u2019 oyunu oynam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu ya\u015flarda bilgiyi oyunla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p verince \u00e7ocu\u011fa, daha erken \u00f6\u011freniyorlar. Zira a\u011fa\u00e7 ya\u015fken e\u011filirmi\u015f. Zaman b\u00fcy\u00fcklerin hayat\u0131na do\u011fru ak\u0131nca, \u00e7ocuklar da unutuveriyor oyunlar\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Bu zaman ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u2018normal\u2019 ya\u015fanan hayatlar i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle. Bir de anormal ko\u015fullar var. O durumlarda \u00e7ocu\u011fun oyununa devlet ve uzamlar\u0131 girer. Bu \u00e7ocuklardan baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n pay\u0131na ya\u015f\u0131ndan fazla kur\u015fun d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de olur. Ulus devletlerin uykusunu ka\u00e7\u0131ran \u2018\u00f6tekiler\u2019in \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 kendine ait olan\u0131 istemeye ba\u015flay\u0131nca, U\u011fur Kaymaz gibi \u2018devlet dersinde, kara tahtan\u0131n alt\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrler.\u2019<\/span><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n
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\u00c7ayan Demirel\u2019in \u2018\u201838\u2019\u2019 isimli belgesel filminde, bir g\u00f6rg\u00fc tan\u0131\u011f\u0131 Dersim Katliam\u0131\u2019n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle anlat\u0131yordu: \u2018\u2018Bu evler kadar ceset y\u0131\u011fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131 \u00fcst \u00fcste, bu evler kadar! Sar\u0131 sa\u00e7l\u0131, \u00e7\u0131plak bir \u00e7ocu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00fc y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n tepesine dikmi\u015flerdi. Da\u011f meltemi vurduk\u00e7a, \u00e7ocu\u011fun sar\u0131 sa\u00e7lar\u0131 bir o yana bir bu yana dalgalan\u0131yordu.\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/div>\n
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Anlat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n belle\u011finde \u2018zaman m\u00fch\u00fcrlenmi\u015f\u2019 olmal\u0131. \u00c7ocu\u011fun sar\u0131 sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 unutmam\u0131\u015f. Yetmi\u015f y\u0131l sonra hat\u0131rl\u0131yor b\u00fct\u00fcn detaylar\u0131yla, Fellini filmlerinden \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f gibi gre\u00e7ek\u00fcst\u00fc.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Cemal S\u00fcreya ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u00fc \u2018\u2018Bir y\u00fck vagonunda a\u00e7t\u0131m g\u00f6zlerimi \/ Bizi bir kamyona doldurdular \/ T\u00fcfekli iki erin nezaretinde. \/ Sonra o iki erle y\u00fck vagonuna doldurdular. \/ G\u00fcnlerce yolculuktan sonra bir k\u00f6ye att\u0131lar. \/ Tarih \u00f6ncesi k\u00f6pekler havl\u0131yordu\u2019\u2019 dizesiyle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n
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\u0130smet \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn torunu, Vekil G\u00fcls\u00fcn Bilgehan \u2018\u2018S\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerden s\u00f6z ediliyor. O s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerde \u00e7ok iyi yeti\u015fmi\u015f gen\u00e7 k\u0131zlar da var. Belki o b\u00f6lgede, orta\u00e7a\u011f \u015fartlar\u0131nda kalsalard\u0131 o aileleri kuramayacaklard\u0131\u201d diyor.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Cevab\u0131 \u2018\u2018\u0130ki Tutam Sa\u00e7: Dersim\u2019in Kay\u0131p K\u0131zlar\u0131\u2019\u2019 belgeselinin yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Kaz\u0131m G\u00fcndo\u011fan veriyor: \u2018\u2018Samsun\u2019daki Medine Teyze\u2019nin k\u0131z\u0131 \u2018O kad\u0131n gelsin annemi tan\u0131s\u0131n da medeniyetin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rs\u00fcn. Annemin ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bir dinlesin ondan sonra konu\u015fsun. E\u011fer biraz kad\u0131n vicdan\u0131 varsa, bir daha b\u00f6yle konu\u015fmaz.\u2019\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/div>\n
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Amerikal\u0131lar, K\u0131z\u0131lderilileri toplama kamplar\u0131na doldurup onlar\u0131 \u2018medenile\u015ftirmek\u2019 i\u00e7in e\u011fitime tabi tutmu\u015flard\u0131. Beyaz Adamlar bu asimilasyon s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde, yerliler i\u00e7in \u201cboarding school\u201d denen yat\u0131l\u0131 okullar ve kolejler kurmu\u015flard\u0131. \u2018K\u0131z\u0131lderili \u00f6ld\u00fcrme, okula kaydet\u2019 \u015fiar\u0131yla hareket eden bu asimilasyon okullar\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011funlukla g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc e\u011fitmenler \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Fakir K\u0131z\u0131lderili \u00e7ocuklar \u2018iyi bir e\u011fitim amac\u0131yla!\u2019 s\u00f6m\u00fcrge tezg\u00e2hlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7iriliyordu. <\/span><\/div>\n
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G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc e\u011fitmenlerinden biri de “Tom Amca’n\u0131n Kul\u00fcbesi” kitab\u0131yla \u00fcnlenen, devrimci ve yenilik\u00e7i yazar olarak tan\u0131nan Harriett Beecher Stowe\u2019du. Okullar\u0131n en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f\u0131 da 1879\u2019da Pensilvanya\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131lan Carlisle K\u0131z\u0131lderili Okulu\u2019ydu. Tarihin cilvesine bak\u0131n ki d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde ve K\u00fcrdistan\u2019da da misyoner okullar\u0131 a\u00e7an Fetullah G\u00fclen de Pensilvanya\u2019da oturuyor.<\/span><\/div>\n
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K\u0131z\u0131lderili erkek ve k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 bu yat\u0131l\u0131 okullarda tam bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme tabi tutulmu\u015f, \u00e7ekilen foto\u011fraflarda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n okul \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belgelenmi\u015fti. Geleneksel giyim ve sa\u00e7 bi\u00e7imleriyle, okullarda dayat\u0131lan Victoria stili aras\u0131nda dramatik bir fark olu\u015fuyordu. Yerlilere, yat\u0131l\u0131 okul e\u011fitimi ile \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n “uygarla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131” s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n isimlerini de kral ve krali\u00e7e isimleriyle de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015flerdi.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Y\u00f6ntem tan\u0131d\u0131k geliyor de\u011fil mi?<\/span><\/div>\n
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Bu co\u011frafyada s\u0131k s\u0131k y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe konan toplum m\u00fchendisli\u011fi planlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi benzeri uygulamalarla dolu. Dersim\u2019de kelimenin tam anlam\u0131yla \u2018isim-\u015fehir\u2019 oyunu oynanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Dersim isminin Tun\u00e7eli\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin ard\u0131ndan co\u011frafi yer isimlerinin de de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesiyle ba\u015flayan s\u00fcre\u00e7, \u00e7ocuklara verilen Kemal ve \u0130smet isimleriyle doru\u011fa ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fcrt illerinde a\u00e7\u0131lan yat\u0131l\u0131 okullar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla asimilasyon h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, misyoner e\u011fitmen S\u0131d\u0131ka Avar\u2019\u0131n k\u0131z \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131 Victoria stili mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla giydirmesi ve geli\u015fimlerini belgeleyip merkeze g\u00f6ndermesi de dikkate de\u011ferdir.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Mustafa Kemal, misyoner \u00f6\u011fretmeni S\u0131d\u0131ka Avar\u2019a \u2018Misyonerlik faaliyetine anneden ba\u015flamak gerekti\u011fini ve bir toplumun aile yoluyla, bilhassa kad\u0131n yoluyla kazan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlemi\u015f. S\u0131d\u0131ka Avar, K\u0131z\u0131lderili ve Aborjin \u00e7ocuklara yap\u0131lan etnik temizli\u011fin bir benzerini \u2018iyi niyetle\u2019, Dersim\u2019de hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015f.<\/span><\/div>\n
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K\u0131z\u0131lderililer i\u00e7in \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u2018medenile\u015ftirme\u2019 program\u0131n\u0131n bir benzeri de \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan, Avusturalya yerlilerine uygulanm\u0131\u015f, emperyal kontrol ama\u00e7l\u0131 bu giri\u015fimler insanl\u0131k tarihinde derin yaralar a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Avusturalya\u2019da, Beyaz Adamlar\u0131n yay\u0131lmac\u0131 tutumuna kar\u015f\u0131n ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 korumaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u2018yerliler\u2019in ac\u0131 \u00e7ekmesini \u00f6nemsiz bulan The Queenslander gazetesi ba\u015fyazar\u0131 4 Eyl\u00fcl 1880 tarihli yaz\u0131s\u0131nda \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: \u201cBiz bu siyah insanlar\u0131 korkutarak y\u0131ld\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z ve bu insanlara yeni ev sahiplerine kar\u015f\u0131 direnmenin faydas\u0131z oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011fretmeliyiz.\u201d<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Dersim da\u011flar\u0131na at\u0131lan bildirilerde \u2018\u2018Dediklerimizi yapmazsan\u0131z cumhuriyetin kahredici ordular\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan mahvedileceksiniz\u2019\u2019 deniliyordu. Ayn\u0131 g\u00fcnlerde Cumhuriyet gazetesi ba\u015fyazar\u0131 Yunus Nadi, \u201cSenelerden beri ad\u0131na Dersim denilen mesele tarihin umman\u0131na kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ebediyen \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u2019\u2019 diyecektir.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Ama atalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda deh\u015fet dolu c\u00fcmleler sarf eden bu gazete, y\u0131llarca Dersimli gen\u00e7lerin parka ceplerinde gururla ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131! \u0130smail Be\u015fik\u00e7i\u2019nin dedi\u011fi gibi: \u2018\u2018Kerbela\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen 72 ki\u015finin yas\u0131n\u0131 tutuyorlar da Dersim\u2019de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclen 70 bin ki\u015finin yas\u0131n\u0131 tutmuyorlar!\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/div>\n
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R. Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, Almanya\u2019daki T\u00fcrklerinin durumu i\u00e7in \u201cAsimilasyon bir insanl\u0131k su\u00e7udur, kimse T\u00fcrkleri asimile edemez\u201d demi\u015fti. Ne kadar do\u011fru s\u00f6zler. Ama bu memlekette halen baz\u0131 \u00e7ocuklar gittikleri okullarda varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bir ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na arma\u011fan ediyorlar.<\/span><\/div>\n
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T\u00fcrk siyasi tarihi kadar ironik bir ba\u015fka tarih yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u0131d\u0131r acaba?!<\/span><\/div>\n
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Dersim Gazetesi, Mart 2012<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u00c7ocukken \u2018\u2018isim-\u015fehir\u2019\u2019 oyunu oynam\u0131\u015fs\u0131n\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu ya\u015flarda bilgiyi oyunla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p verince \u00e7ocu\u011fa, daha erken \u00f6\u011freniyorlar. Zira a\u011fa\u00e7 ya\u015fken e\u011filirmi\u015f. Zaman b\u00fcy\u00fcklerin hayat\u0131na do\u011fru ak\u0131nca, \u00e7ocuklar da unutuveriyor oyunlar\u0131. Bu zaman ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u2018normal\u2019 ya\u015fanan hayatlar i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle. Bir…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":144,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[59,46,62,61,17,58,32,60],"class_list":["post-143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","tag-aborjin","tag-alevi","tag-asimilasyon","tag-ataturk","tag-dersim","tag-kizilderili","tag-kurt","tag-sidika-avar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=143"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":146,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143\/revisions\/146"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nesimiaday.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}